Hy言語チュートリアルを触ってみる(2)

ループ処理があるらしい。

=> (for [i (range 10)]
...   (print (+ "'i' is now at " (str i))))
'i' is now at 0
'i' is now at 1
'i' is now at 2
'i' is now at 3
'i' is now at 4
'i' is now at 5
'i' is now at 6
'i' is now at 7
'i' is now at 8
'i' is now at 9

(range 10)が何なのか気になる。

=> (range 10)
xrange(10)

‘xrange’って何だろう。

「Python 標準ライブラリ » 2. 組み込み関数」より

xrange(stop)

xrange(start, stop[, step])

この関数は range() に非常によく似ていますが、リストの代わりに XRange 型を返します。このオブジェクトは不透明なシーケンス型で、対応するリストと同じ値を持ちますが、それらの値全てを同時に記憶しません。 ragne() に対する xrange() の利点は微々たるものです (xrange() は要求に応じて値を生成するからです) ただし、メモリ量の厳しい計算機で巨大な範囲の値を使う時や、(ループがよく break で中断されるといったように) 範囲中の全ての値を使うとは限らない場合はその限りではありません。xrange オブジェクトについてのさらに詳しい情報については、 XRange 型とシーケンス型 — str, unicode, list, tuple, bytearray, buffer, xrange を参照して下さい。

どうやら、遅延の効果があるみたいです。さらに、「5.6.3. XRange 型」より

xrange 型は値の変更不能なシーケンスで、広範なループ処理に使われています。 xrange 型の利点は、 xrange オブジェクトは表現する値域の大きさにかかわらず常に同じ量のメモリしか占めないということです。はっきりしたパフォーマンス上の利点はありません。

XRange オブジェクトは非常に限られた振る舞い、すなわち、インデクス検索、反復、 len() 関数のみをサポートしています。

(range 10)のrangeはpythonのrange()とは違うみたいです。

>>> range(10)
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> range(1, 11)
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
>>> range(0, 30, 5)
[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
>>> range(0, 10, 3)
[0, 3, 6, 9]
>>> range(0, -10, -1)
[0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9]
>>> range(0)
[]
>>> range(1, 0)
[]

さまざまなpythonライブラリを利用できます。

=> (import os)
=>
=> (if (os.path.isdir "/tmp/somedir")
...   (os.mkdir "/tmp/somedir/anotherdir")
...   (print "Hey, that path isn't there!"))
Hey, that path isn't there!

pythonのコンテキストマネージャーも利用できる。

=> (with [[f (open "/tmp/data.in")]]
...   (print (.read f)))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: u'/tmp/data.in'
=> (with [[f (open "../README.md")]]                                         
...   (print (.read f)))

     ,-----.,--.                  ,--. ,---.   ,--.,------.  ,------.
    '  .--./|  | ,---. ,--.,--. ,-|  || o   \  |  ||  .-.  \ |  .---'
    |  |    |  || .-. ||  ||  |' .-. |`..'  |  |  ||  |  \  :|  `--,
    '  '--'\|  |' '-' ''  ''  '\ `-' | .'  /   |  ||  '--'  /|  `---.
     `-----'`--' `---'  `----'  `---'  `--'    `--'`-------' `------'
    -----------------------------------------------------------------


Hi there! Welcome to Cloud9 IDE!

To get you started, create some files, play with the terminal,
or visit http://docs.c9.io for our documentation.
If you want, you can also go watch some training videos at
http://www.youtube.com/user/c9ide.

Happy coding!
The Cloud9 IDE team

pythonのコンテキストマネージャーについて

コンテキストマネージャ(context manager) とは、 with 文の実行時にランタイムコンテキストを定義するオブジェクトです。コンテキストマネージャは、コードブロックを実行するために必要な入り口および出口の処理を扱います。コンテキストマネージャは通常、 with 文（ with 文の章を参照）により起動されますが、これらのメソッドを直接呼び出すことで起動することもできます。

「リストの内包表記 (list comprehension)」の例

=> (setv odds-squared
...   (list-comp
...     (pow num 2)
...     (num (range 100))
...     (= (% num 2) 1)))
=> odds-squared
[1L, 9L, 25L, 49L, 81L, 121L, 169L, 225L, 289L, 361L, 441L, 529L, 625L, 729L, 841L, 961L, 1089L, 1225L, 1369L, 1521L, 1681L, 1849L, 2025L, 2209L, 2401L, 2601L, 2809L, 3025L, 3249L, 3481L, 3721L, 3969L, 4225L, 4489L, 4761L, 5041L, 5329L, 5625L, 5929L, 6241L, 6561L, 6889L, 7225L, 7569L, 7921L, 8281L, 8649L, 9025L, 9409L, 9801L]

チュートリアルには、さらに以下の例があった。(たぶん、リストの内包表記についての説明。)

=> ; And, an example stolen shamelessly from a Clojure page:
=> ; Let's list all the blocks of a Chessboard:
=>
=> (list-comp
...   (, x y)
...   (x (range 8)
...    y "ABCDEFGH"))
[(0, u'A'), (0, u'B'), (0, u'C'), (0, u'D'), (0, u'E'), (0, u'F'), (0, u'G'), (0, u'H'), (1, u'A'), (1, u'B'), (1, u'C'), (1, u'D'), (1, u'E'), (1, u'F'), (1, u'G'), (1, u'H'), (2, u'A'), (2, u'B'), (2, u'C'), (2, u'D'), (2, u'E'), (2, u'F'), (2, u'G'), (2, u'H'), (3, u'A'), (3, u'B'), (3, u'C'), (3, u'D'), (3, u'E'), (3, u'F'), (3, u'G'), (3, u'H'), (4, u'A'), (4, u'B'), (4, u'C'), (4, u'D'), (4, u'E'), (4, u'F'), (4, u'G'), (4, u'H'), (5, u'A'), (5, u'B'), (5, u'C'), (5, u'D'), (5, u'E'), (5, u'F'), (5, u'G'), (5, u'H'), (6, u'A'), (6, u'B'), (6, u'C'), (6, u'D'), (6, u'E'), (6, u'F'), (6, u'G'), (6, u'H'), (7, u'A'), (7, u'B'), (7, u'C'), (7, u'D'), (7, u'E'), (7, u'F'), (7, u'G'), (7, u'H')]

pythonの仮引数やキーワード変数なども利用できるらしい。

=> (defn optional-arg [pos1 pos2 &optional keyword1 [keyword2 42]]
...   [pos1 pos2 keyword1 keyword2])
=>
=> (optional-arg 1 2)
[1L, 2L, None, 42L]
=> (optional-arg 1 2 3 4)
[1L, 2L, 3L, 4L]
=> (optional-arg :keyword1 1
...               :pos2 2
...               :pos1 3
...               :keyword2 4)
[3L, 2L, 1L, 4L]

数値にLが付くのがなんとなく気になります。

applyも使えます。

=> (setv args [1 2])
=> (setv kwargs {"keyword2" 3
...               "keyword1" 4})
=> (apply optional-arg args kwargs)
[1L, 2L, 4L, 3L]

辞書形式のキーワード引数の例

=> (defn another-style [&key {"key1" "val1" "key2" "val2"}]
...   [key1 key2])
=> (another-style {:key1 'a :key2 1})
[{u'\ufdd0:key2': 1L, u'\ufdd0:key1': u'a'}, u'val2']
=> (another-style {:pos1 0} {:key1 'b :key2 'c})                             
[{u'\ufdd0:pos1': 0L}, {u'\ufdd0:key2': u'c', u'\ufdd0:key1': u'b'}]

pythonの*, **引数をサポートしている例

=> (defn some-func [foo bar &rest args &kwargs kwargs]
...   (import pprint)
...   (pprint.pprint (, foo bar args kwargs)))
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 kwargs 'a)
(1L,
 2L,
 (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, {u'keyword1': 4L, u'keyword2': 3L}, u'a'),
 {})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :kwargs 'a)                                  
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'kwargs': u'a'})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :kwargs '(a 1))
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'kwargs': (u'a' 1L)})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :apple '(a 1))                               
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'apple': (u'a' 1L)})

「呼び出し (call)」より

仮引数スロットの数よりも多くの固定引数がある場合、構文 *identifier を使って指定された仮引数がないかぎり、 TypeError 例外が送出されます; 仮引数 *identifier がある場合、この仮引数は余分な固定引数が入ったタプル (もしくは、余分な固定引数がない場合には空のタプル) を受け取ります。

キーワード引数のいずれかが仮引数名に対応しない場合、構文 **identifier を使って指定された仮引数がない限り、 TypeError 例外が送出されます; 仮引数 **identifier がある場合、この仮引数は余分なキーワード引数が入った (キーワードをキーとし、引数値をキーに対応する値とした) 辞書を受け取ります。余分なキーワード引数がない場合には、空の (新たな) 辞書を受け取ります。

なんと、classも使える。

=> (defclass FooBar [object]
...   "Yet Another Example Class"
...   [[--init--
...     (fn [self x]
...       (setv self.x x)
...       ; Currently needed for --init-- because __init__ needs None
...       ; Hopefully this will go away :)
...       None)]
...
...    [get-x
...     (fn [self]
...       "Return our copy of x"
...       self.x)]])
=> (setv foobar (FooBar '(1 2 3)))
=> (foobar.get-x)
(1L 2L 3L)

「class-level attributes」というものもある。以下の例がチュートリアルにあるが、エラーが出る。オブジェクト指向は分らないのでスルーしてしまいます。

(defclass Customer [models.Model]
  [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
   [address (models.TextField)]
   [notes (models.TextField)]])

Hy <-> Python interop

ファイルgreetings.hy

(defn greet [name] (print “hello from hy,” name))

があったとき、以下のようにpythonからhyを呼び出すことができる?

import hy
import greetings

greetings.greet("Foo")

逆に、greetings.py

def greet(name): print(“hello, %s” % (name))

があった時、hyからは、以下のように使える。

(import greetings)
(.greet greetings "foo")

キーワード引数を使う例をgreetings.pyがあったときで見ると、

def greet(name, title=”Sir”): print(“Greetings, %s %s” % (title,name))

(import greetings)
(.greet greetings "Foo")
(.greet greetings "Foo" "Darth")
(apply (. greetings greet) ["Foo"] {"title" "Lord"})

出力は以下のようになるはず。

Greetings, Sir Foo

Greetings, Darth Foo

Greetings, Lord Foo

Protips!

Clujureのスレッディングマクロ->が使えます。

loop (print (eval (read)))) が(-> (read) (eval) (print) (loop))となるやつです。

pythonのshライブラリを利用すると、

$ pip install sh
$ hy
=> (import [sh [cat grep wc]])
=> (-> (cat "../README.md") (grep "-E" "^h") (wc "-l"))
1

とりあえず、以上でチュートリアルは終わりです。

感想

かなりpythonチックなLispでした。 Clojureに慣れていたため、かなり違和感を感じましたが、これは慣れの問題だと思います。 pythonを利用してガシガシ何かを作るためのグルー言語みたいでした。

今日のログ

ichisemasashi:~/workspace $ cd Hy
ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ vi ~/.profile
ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ source bin/activate
(Hy)ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ hy
hy 0.11.1 using CPython(default) 2.7.6 on Linux
=> ; loop
=> (for [i (range 10)]
...   (print (+ "'i' is now at " (str i))))
'i' is now at 0
'i' is now at 1
'i' is now at 2
'i' is now at 3
'i' is now at 4
'i' is now at 5
'i' is now at 6
'i' is now at 7
'i' is now at 8
'i' is now at 9
=> (range 10)
xrange(10)
=> ; ??
=> (class (range 10))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'class' is not defined
=> (type (range 10))                                                         
<type 'xrange'>
=> (import os)
=>
=> (if (os.path.isdir "/tmp/somedir")
...   (os.mkdir "/tmp/somedir/anotherdir")
...   (print "Hey, that path isn't there!"))
Hey, that path isn't there!
=> (os.curdir)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
=> (doc os.curdir)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'doc' is not defined
=> (with [[f (open "/tmp/data.in")]]
...   (print (.read f)))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: u'/tmp/data.in'
=> (with [[f (open "../README.md")]]                                         
...   (print (.read f)))

     ,-----.,--.                  ,--. ,---.   ,--.,------.  ,------.
    '  .--./|  | ,---. ,--.,--. ,-|  || o   \  |  ||  .-.  \ |  .---'
    |  |    |  || .-. ||  ||  |' .-. |`..'  |  |  ||  |  \  :|  `--,
    '  '--'\|  |' '-' ''  ''  '\ `-' | .'  /   |  ||  '--'  /|  `---.
     `-----'`--' `---'  `----'  `---'  `--'    `--'`-------' `------'
    -----------------------------------------------------------------


Hi there! Welcome to Cloud9 IDE!

To get you started, create some files, play with the terminal,
or visit http://docs.c9.io for our documentation.
If you want, you can also go watch some training videos at
http://www.youtube.com/user/c9ide.

Happy coding!
The Cloud9 IDE team
=> (setv odds-squared
...   (list-comp
...     (pow num 2)
...     (num (range 100))
...     (= (% num 2) 1)))
=> odds-squared
[1L, 9L, 25L, 49L, 81L, 121L, 169L, 225L, 289L, 361L, 441L, 529L, 625L, 729L, 841L, 961L, 1089L, 1225L, 1369L, 1521L, 1681L, 1849L, 2025L, 2209L, 2401L, 2601L, 2809L, 3025L, 3249L, 3481L, 3721L, 3969L, 4225L, 4489L, 4761L, 5041L, 5329L, 5625L, 5929L, 6241L, 6561L, 6889L, 7225L, 7569L, 7921L, 8281L, 8649L, 9025L, 9409L, 9801L]
=> ; And, an example stolen shamelessly from a Clojure page:
=> ; Let's list all the blocks of a Chessboard:
=>
=> (list-comp
...   (, x y)
...   (x (range 8)
...    y "ABCDEFGH"))
[(0, u'A'), (0, u'B'), (0, u'C'), (0, u'D'), (0, u'E'), (0, u'F'), (0, u'G'), (0, u'H'), (1, u'A'), (1, u'B'), (1, u'C'), (1, u'D'), (1, u'E'), (1, u'F'), (1, u'G'), (1, u'H'), (2, u'A'), (2, u'B'), (2, u'C'), (2, u'D'), (2, u'E'), (2, u'F'), (2, u'G'), (2, u'H'), (3, u'A'), (3, u'B'), (3, u'C'), (3, u'D'), (3, u'E'), (3, u'F'), (3, u'G'), (3, u'H'), (4, u'A'), (4, u'B'), (4, u'C'), (4, u'D'), (4, u'E'), (4, u'F'), (4, u'G'), (4, u'H'), (5, u'A'), (5, u'B'), (5, u'C'), (5, u'D'), (5, u'E'), (5, u'F'), (5, u'G'), (5, u'H'), (6, u'A'), (6, u'B'), (6, u'C'), (6, u'D'), (6, u'E'), (6, u'F'), (6, u'G'), (6, u'H'), (7, u'A'), (7, u'B'), (7, u'C'), (7, u'D'), (7, u'E'), (7, u'F'), (7, u'G'), (7, u'H')]
=> (list 'a 'b)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: list() takes at most 1 argument (2 given)
=> (defn optional-arg [pos1 pos2 &optional keyword1 [keyword2 42]]
...   [pos1 pos2 keyword1 keyword2])
=>
=> (optional-arg 1 2)
[1L, 2L, None, 42L]
=> (optional-arg 1 2 3 4)
[1L, 2L, 3L, 4L]
=> (optional-arg :keyword1 1
...               :pos2 2
...               :pos1 3
...               :keyword2 4)
[3L, 2L, 1L, 4L]
=> (setv args [1 2])
=> (setv kwargs {"keyword2" 3
...               "keyword1" 4})
=> (apply optional-arg args kwargs)
[1L, 2L, 4L, 3L]
=> (defn another-style [&key {"key1" "val1" "key2" "val2"}]
...   [key1 key2])
=> (another-style {:key1 'a :key2 1})
[{u'\ufdd0:key2': 1L, u'\ufdd0:key1': u'a'}, u'val2']
=> (another-style :pos1 {:key1 'b :key2 'c})
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: another_style() got an unexpected keyword argument 'pos1'
=> (another-style {:pos1 0} {:key1 'b :key2 'c})                             
[{u'\ufdd0:pos1': 0L}, {u'\ufdd0:key2': u'c', u'\ufdd0:key1': u'b'}]
=> (defn some-func [foo bar &rest args &kwargs kwargs]
...   (import pprint)
...   (pprint.pprint (, foo bar args kwargs)))
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9)
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 kwargs 'a)
(1L,
 2L,
 (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, {u'keyword1': 4L, u'keyword2': 3L}, u'a'),
 {})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6kwargs 'a)                                  
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name '6kwargs' is not defined
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 &kwargs 'a)                                  
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name '&kwargs' is not defined
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (kwargs 'a))                                 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'dict' object is not callable
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (&kwargs 'a))                                
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name '&kwargs' is not defined
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :kwargs 'a)                                  
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'kwargs': u'a'})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :kwargs '(a 1))
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'kwargs': (u'a' 1L)})
=> (some-func 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 :apple '(a 1))                               
(1L, 2L, (3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L), {'apple': (u'a' 1L)})
=> (defclass FooBar [object]
...   "Yet Another Example Class"
...   [[--init--
...     (fn [self x]
...       (setv self.x x)
...       ; Currently needed for --init-- because __init__ needs None
...       ; Hopefully this will go away :)
...       None)]
...
...    [get-x
...     (fn [self]
...       "Return our copy of x"
...       self.x)]])
=> (setv foobar (FooBar '()))
=> foobar.get-x
<bound method FooBar.get_x of <__console__.FooBar object at 0x7f9172d44490>>
=> (foobar.get-x)
()
=> (setv foobar (FooBar '(1 2 3)))
=> (foobar.get-x)
(1L 2L 3L)
=> (defclass Customer [models.Model]
...   [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
  File "<input>", line 2, column 43

    [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
                                            ^
LexException: Ran into a RCURLY where it wasn't expected.

=>    [address (models.TextField)]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'address' is not defined
=>    [notes (models.TextField)]])
  File "<input>", line 1, column 30

     [notes (models.TextField)]])
                               ^
LexException: Ran into a RBRACKET where it wasn't expected.

=> (defclass Customer [models.Model]
...   [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
  File "<input>", line 2, column 43

    [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
                                            ^
LexException: Ran into a RCURLY where it wasn't expected.

=>    [address (models.TextField)]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'address' is not defined
=>
=>
=> (defclass Customer [models.Model]
...   [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
  File "<input>", line 2, column 43

    [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255})]
                                            ^
LexException: Ran into a RCURLY where it wasn't expected.

=>    [address (models.TextField)]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'address' is not defined
=>    [notes (models.TextField)]])
  File "<input>", line 1, column 30

     [notes (models.TextField)]])
                               ^
LexException: Ran into a RBRACKET where it wasn't expected.

=>
=> (defclass Customer [models.Model]
...   [[name (models.CharField :max-length 255)]
...    [address (models.TextField)]
...    [notes (models.TextField)]])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'models' is not defined
=> (defclass Customer [models.Model]
...   [[name (models.CharField {:max-length 255})]
...    [address (models.TextField)]
...    [notes (models.TextField)]])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'models' is not defined
=> (import [sh [cat grep wc]])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named sh
=>
(Hy)ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ deactivate
ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ cd
ichisemasashi:~ $ pip install sh
Downloading/unpacking sh
  Downloading sh-1.11.tar.gz
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_ubuntu/sh/setup.py) egg_info for package sh

        Installing collected packages: sh
  Running setup.py install for sh
    error: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sh.py'
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_ubuntu/sh/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-xqg0yp-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install

running build

running build_py

creating build

creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7

copying sh.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7

running install_lib

copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/sh.py -> /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

error: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sh.py'

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_ubuntu/sh/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-xqg0yp-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_ubuntu/sh
Storing debug log for failure in /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log
ichisemasashi:~ $ cd workspace/
ichisemasashi:~/workspace $ ls
2016-06-06-hy-tutu.vol.1.txt  Hy/        first_app/
2016-06-09-hy-tut.vol.2.txt   README.md
ichisemasashi:~/workspace $ cd Hy/
ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ source bin/activate
(Hy)ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ pip install sh
Downloading/unpacking sh
  Downloading sh-1.11.tar.gz
  Running setup.py (path:/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/build/sh/setup.py) egg_info for package sh

Installing collected packages: sh
  Running setup.py install for sh

Successfully installed sh
Cleaning up...
(Hy)ichisemasashi:~/workspace/Hy $ hy
hy 0.11.1 using CPython(default) 2.7.6 on Linux
=> (import [sh [cat grep wc]])
=> (-> (cat "/usr/share/dict/words") (grep "-E" "^hy") (wc "-l"))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__
    return RunningCommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__
    self.wait()
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 500, in wait
    self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 516, in handle_command_exit_code
    raise exc(self.ran, self.process.stdout, self.process.stderr)
ErrorReturnCode_1:

  RAN: '/bin/cat /usr/share/dict/words'

  STDOUT:


  STDERR:
/bin/cat: /usr/share/dict/words: No such file or directory

=> (-> (cat "../README.md") (grep "-E" "^hy") (wc "-l"))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__
    return RunningCommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__
    self.wait()
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 500, in wait
    self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
  File "/home/ubuntu/workspace/Hy/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 516, in handle_command_exit_code
    raise exc(self.ran, self.process.stdout, self.process.stderr)
ErrorReturnCode_1:

  RAN: '/bin/grep -E ^hy'

  STDOUT:


  STDERR:

=> (-> (cat "../README.md") (grep "-E" "^h") (wc "-l"))
1

=>